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| * 3.8 bya - first life on Earth | * 3.8 bya - first life on Earth | ||
| * 3.5 bya - photosynthesis starts | * 3.5 bya - photosynthesis starts | ||
| + | * 3.3 bya - 2.8 bya - Vaalbara supercontinent exists | ||
| * Proterozoic Eon : 2.5 bya - 550 mya | * Proterozoic Eon : 2.5 bya - 550 mya | ||
| * 2.4 bya - oxygen becomes significant component of the atmosphere | * 2.4 bya - oxygen becomes significant component of the atmosphere | ||
| - | * 1 bya - multicellular plants (algae) and animals | + | * 1 bya - 800 mya - Rodinia supercontinent exists |
| * 770 - 750 mya - first ice age | * 770 - 750 mya - first ice age | ||
| - | * before | + | * before |
| - | | + | * Paleozoic Era : 550 - 250 mya |
| - | * Cambrian - small shelled animals, corals | + | |
| - | * Ordovician - starfish, jawless fish | + | |
| - | * Silurian - land plants, ferns, sharks, fish | + | |
| - | * Devonian - first tetrapods - evolution of fish onto land | + | |
| - | * Carboniferous - reptiles, amphibians, spiders, conifers, amniotic eggs (340 mya), synapsids | + | |
| - | * Permian - synapsids (proto-mammalian reptiles) dominant. | + | |
| - | * 250 mya - Extinction event, 83% of species die off | + | |
| * 300 mya - 250 mya - last supercontinent Pangaea exists | * 300 mya - 250 mya - last supercontinent Pangaea exists | ||
| - | | + | * Mesozoic Era : 250 - 65 mya |
| - | * Triassic - turtles, lizards, dinosaurs, mammals | + | * Cenozoic Era : 65 mya - present |
| - | * 200 mya - Tr-J extinction event allows dinosaurs to start becoming dominant. Kills > 50 % of species. | + | |
| - | * Jurassic - squids, frogs, birds | + | |
| - | * Cretaceous - dinosaurs dominant, flowering plants, snakes, modern fish, toothed birds | + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | * **Cenozoic Era** : 65 mya - present | + | |
| - | * Tertiary - mammals dominant, grasses, apes, hominids | + | |
| - | * Quaternary | + | |
| - | * Pleistocene (1.8 mya - 8000 ya) - mammoths, Neanderthals | + | |
| - | * Holocene (8000 ya - now) - modern humans | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== Human History Overview ===== | + | |
| - | Human historical ages based on behavioural and cultural characteristics vary significantly based on location since different areas developed at different rates. Figures given here are a rough average estimate. | + | |
| - | * 4 mya - earliest humans | + | |
| - | * ** Stone Age ** : 2.5 mya - ~3000 BC | + | |
| - | * Paleolithic age - 2.5 mya - ~8000BC - Still in the Pleistocene era. Human ancestors roam as bands of hunters/ | + | |
| - | * Mesolithic age - ~8000BC - ~6000BC - Rising sea levels force a need to adapt. More complex settlements and the first tribes appear. Microlithic tools and boats are developed and fishing becomes a source of food. | + | |
| - | * Neolithic age - ~6000BC - ~3000BC - Agriculture (farming and herding) and related tools (plough, hoe, yoke etc) are developed. Domestication of animals begins. The earliest towns and temples are from this age. | + | |
| - | * ** Bronze Age ** : | + | |
| - | * ** Iron Age ** : | + | |
| - | * ** Classical Era ** : | + | |
| - | * ** Middle Ages ** | + | |
| - | * ** Reformation & Renaissance ** | + | |